Soluista ja niiden rakenteesta

Solubiologian varhaishistoriaa

• Robert Hooke (1635-1703) : Solun käsite
• Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek  (1632 – 1723) : Mikroskoopin kehittäminen
• Robert Brown  (1753 – 1858) : Tuman löytyminen
• Matthias Jakob Schleiden (1804 – 1881); Yleinen soluteoria Theodor Schwannin kanssa
• Theodor Scwann  (1810-1882) : Soluteoria
• Rudolf Virchow   (1821-1902) : Täydennetty soluteoria
• 1800- luku: Mikroskoopit ja solujen tutkimusmenetelmät kehittyivät

OpenStax: Microbiology

• 3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
  • Figure 3.6 (a) Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902) popularized the cell theory in an 1855 essay entitled “Cellular Pathology.” (b) The idea that all cells originate from other cells was first published in 1852 by his contemporary and former colleague Robert Remak (1815–1865)

Solujen perusrakenne

Solubiologian sivuja suomeksi:

• solunetti
• Wikipedia; Solu
• Mikä on solu? | Opettajalle | Oppiminen | yle.fi
• Solubiologian ja biokemian perusteet ; Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto; Biologian laitos; Luonnonainetutkimuksen laboratorio; Joensuun tiedepuisto (pdf)

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Bozeman Science; Julkaistu 24.2.2012; Paul Andersen takes you on a tour of the cell. He starts by explaining the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. He also explains why cells are small but not infinitely small. He also explains how the organelles work together in a similar fashion.

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Retki solun sisälle

Lähteitä englanniksi :

• General&Human Biology: Cell
  • General&Human Biology: Cell; Chemistry
  • General&Human Biology:Cell; Structure
  • General&Human Biology:Cell; Metabolism
  • General&Human Biology:Cell; Genetics
• Home of CELLS alive!
• Cells alive!
  • Cell Models Plant/Animal
  • How Big is a … ?
• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com; Cell Structure
• http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us; The Cell
• http://www.biology.ualberta.ca: procaryotic/eucaryotic cells
• The Cell: An Image Library
• Centre of the Cell
• The Cell: text, images, music, video | Glogster EDU – 21st century multimedia tool for educators, teachers and students
• The Cell (Animal V.S. Plant): text, images, music, video | Glogster EDU – 21st century multimedia tool for educators, teachers and students
• New microscope produces dazzling 3-D movies of live cells
• http://www.stolaf.edu; Eplorable Cell
• Video Shows the Traffic Inside a Brain Cell
• Paul Andersen: A Tour of the Cell – YouTube (Suomalainen tekstitys: Mikko Sipilä)
• abpi; Interactive resources for schools; Cell Biology
  • abpi; Interactive resources for schools; Cells, microscopes and measuring
  • abpi; Interactive resources for schools; Cells and cell organelles
  • …

Seuraavissa OpenStax-materiaalissa on osittain samoja sisältöjä ja kuvia:

OpenStax: Biology

• 4.2 Prokaryotic Cells
  • Figure 1. This figure shows the generalized structure of a prokaryotic cell
  • Figure 2. This figure shows relative sizes of microbes on a logarithmic scale
  • Figure 3. Notice that as a cell increases in size, its surface area-to-volume ratio decreases
• 4.3 Eukaryotic Cells
  • Figure 1. These figures show the major organelles and other cell components of (a) a typical animal cell and (b) a typical eukaryotic plant cell.
  • Figure 4. The nucleus stores chromatin (DNA plus proteins) in a gel-like substance called the nucleoplasm
  • Figure 6. Ribosomes are made up of a large subunit (top) and a small subunit (bottom)
  • Figure 7. This electron micrograph shows a mitochondrion as viewed with a transmission electron microscope
  • Figure 8. The centrosome consists of two centrioles that lie at right angles to each other
  • Figure 10. The chloroplast has an outer membrane, an inner membrane, and membrane structures called thylakoids that are stacked into grana
• 4.4 The Endomembrane System and Proteins
  • Figure 1. “Membrane and secretory proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). 
• 4.5 The Cytoskeleton
  • Figure 1. Microfilaments thicken the cortex around the inner edge of a cell; like rubber bands
  • Figure 2. Microfilaments are made of two intertwined strands of actin
  • Figure 4. Microtubules are hollow
• 4.6 Connections between Cells and Cellular Activities
  • Figure 1. The extracellular matrix consists of a network of proteins and carbohydrate

OpenStax; Microbiology

• 3.2 Foundations of Modern Cell Theory
  • Figure 3.7 According to the endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria and chloroplasts are each derived from the uptake of bacteria
• 3.3 Unique Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
  • Figure 3.12 A typical prokaryotic cell contains …
  • Figure 3.18 Prokaryotic ribosomes (70S) are composed of two subunits:
  • Figure 3.19 Prokaryotic cells may have various types of inclusions..
• 3.4 Unique Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
  • Figure 3.35 An illustration of a generalized, single-celled eukaryotic organism
  • Figure 3.36 Eukaryotic cells come in a variety of cell shapes.
  • Figure 3.37 Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus.
  • Figure 3.38 In this fluorescent microscope image, all the intermediate filaments have been stained with a bright green fluorescent stain…
  • Figure 3.39 (a) The nucleolus is the dark, dense area within the nucleus…
  • Figure 3.40 The endomembrane system is composed of …
  • Figure 3.41 The rough endoplasmic reticulum…
  • Figure 3.42 A transmission electron micrograph (left) of a Golgi apparatus in a white blood cell
  • Figure 3.43 A transmission electron micrograph (left) of a cell containing a peroxisome
  • Figure 3.44 The cytoskeleton is a network of microfilaments..
  • Figure 3.45 (a) A microfilament is composed of a pair of actin filaments….
  • Figure 3.46 (a) Intermediate filaments are composed of multiple strands of polymerized subunits…
  • Figure 3.48 (a) A centrosome is composed of two centrioles..
  • Figure 3.49 Each mitochondrion is surrounded by two membranes…
  • Figure 3.50 Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts
  •  

OpenStax; Anatomy & Physiology

• 3.2 The Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles
  • Figure 3.13 Prototypical Human Cell
  • Figure 3.14 Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
  • Figure 3.15 Golgi Apparatus 
  • Figure 3.16 Mitochondrion
  • Figure 3.17 Peroxisome
  • Figure 3.18 The Three Components of the Cytoskeleton
• 3.3 The Nucleus and DNA Replication
  • Figure 3.19 The Nucleus
  • Figure 3.21 Red Blood Cell Extruding Its Nucleus